Active Principle: All parts es[pecially tubers: Aconitine, mesaconitine, lycoctonine and other terpene alkaloids (up to 2% in tubers).

Wink, M. (2009). Mode of Action and toxicology of plant toxins and poisonous plants. Mitt. Julius Kuhn-Inst. 421:93-111.

Toxicity 1a: extremely hazardous. Aconitine activates Na+ channels and is thus a strong nerve and muscle poison, causes numbness, causes paralysis.

Wink, M. (2009). Mode of Action and toxicology of plant toxins and poisonous plants. Mitt. Julius Kuhn-Inst. 421:93-111.

Banned.

Europe, Middle Europe

Europe, Southeastern Europe

Europe, Southwestern Europe